Ngibi ibiremwa bitangaje biri ku isonga mu gukurura ba mukerarugendo mu Rwanda (Amafoto)
Ngibi ibiremwa bitangaje biri ku isonga mu gukurura ba mukerarugendo mu Rwanda (Amafoto)
Ubukerarugendo mu Majyaruguru y’u Rwanda bukomeje kwiharirwa n’abasura ingagi, ubwoko bw’inguge nini zinyura imitima y’abazisura bigendeye ku buryo zibaho n’uko ziteye nk’abantu.
Mu 2023, u Rwanda rwakiriye ba mukerarugendo basuye ingagi 25,927 ugereranyije na 20,035 basuye ingagi mu mwaka wa 2022.
Parike y’Ibirunga yatangiye nk’icyanya kirinzwe mu 1925 ari Pariki y’Igihugu yitiriwe Albert ya Congo Mbiligi, nyuma y’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda mu 1962, igice giherereye mu Rwanda, ari cyo cyabaye Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga cyari gifite ubuso burenga gato kilometer kare 320.
Kuri ubu, iyo Parike iri ku buso bwa kilometerokare 160, ikaba ikora ku bihugu bya Uganda mu majyaruguru na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba.
Abasuye Parike y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga mu mwaka wa 2023 ni 46,187, bakaba barakoze ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo gusura ingagi, gusura inkima, gusura imva ya Dian Fossey, gusura igice cya Parike Buhanga, gutembera mu buvumo, gutembera mu ishyamba no kurira ibirunga byose uko ari bitanu harimo Muhabura iri ku butumburuke bwa metero 4,127 ibasha kubonwa ahantu hose mu gihugu ku misozi iri ku butumburuke.
Hari kandi Gahinga iri ku butumburuke bwa metero 3,473, Sabyinyo iri kuri metero 3,669 ikunze gutangaza abantu kubera imisozi yo ku bushorishori bwayo, Bisoke ikurura ba mukerarugendo kubera ikiyaga kiba mu bushorishori bwayo kiri ku butumburuke bwa 3,711, Kalisimbi ari na wo musozi muremure mu gihugu ikaba iri ku butumburuke bwa metero 4,507.
Izi nguge nini zibarizwa mu misozi miremire y’amashyamba ya Virunga ahuza ibice by’ibihugu by’u Rwanda, Uganda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ndetse no mu ya Bwindi muri Uganda na Sarambwe muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, izina rya gihanga ryazo ni Gorilla beringei beringei, bizwi ko uwazibonye mbere akanabimenyekanisha mu 1902 ari umusirikare w’Umudage Robert Von Beringe ari we zitiriwe.
Izo nyamaswa zavuye mu rwego rw’ibisimba biri mu nzira yo gucika ku isi bikaba byemezwa ko byugarijwe nk’uko Ikigo gishinzwe inyamaswa ku isi cya World Wildlife Fund kibitangaza.
Nyuma y’ibikorwa bidasanzwe byo kubungabunga, kuzivura no kuzirinda ba rushimusi izo ngagi byakozwe na guverinoma y’u Rwanda biciye mu Rwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere, ibarura riheruka ryagaragaje ko zisigaye ari 1,063 ku isi.
Mu gice u Rwanda ruherereyemo mu gice cy’imisozi miremire ya Virunga habarurwamo ingagi 604. Ingagi zizamura amarangamutima ku bazisuye ku buryo budasanzwe, bamwe bafata nk’ikintu kimwe mu buzima bw’umuntu aba agomba kwibonera amaso ku maso, igihe cy’isaha imwe abakerarugendo bamarana nazo iyo bazisura benshi bemeza ko nta kindi cyahwana nabyo.
Ubukerarugendo bwo kujya gusura ingagi bukurura abantu kubera ko abasura bahava batangajwe n’imiterere yazo imeze nk’iya muntu, uburyo zibayeho mu ishyamba ndetse n’uburyo zibana budatandukanye n’ubw’abantu.
Kimwe mu bintu bitangaza abasuye ingagi z’imisozi ni ingano yazo n’imbaraga zazo aho ingore zikuze zipima hagati y’ibiro 150 na 200 naho ingabo zigapima hagati y’ibiro 200 na 250. Zibaho hagati y’imyaka 35 na 45 ku zabashije gukura zidahuye n’ibindi bibazo, abana bazo bakavukira amezi icyenda bari hagati y’ibiro bitatu na bitanu, bagacuka ku kigero cy’imyaka itatu n’igice.
Mu buzima bwayo, ingagi nkuru ishobora kubyara hagati y’abana bane na batandatu, gusa habayeho umwihariko kuri Kampanga yabyaye abana umunani. Kuri ubu ingagi nkuru kuruta izindi ni ingore, ibarizwa mu muryango wa Hirwa, ikaba yitwa Kibyeyi, ifite imyaka 49. Intoya cyane muri zo ivuka mu muryango wa Sabyinyo ikaba ifite ukwezi kumwe kurengaho umunsi umwe.
Imibereho yazo ya buri munsi isa nk’iy’abantu gusa ikiganzamo kwita ku buzima bwayo harimo kurya zikaba zirya ibyatsi n’ibiti cyane cyane zikaryoherwa n’imishibuka y’imigano. Ku munsi ingagi nkuru ishobora kurya ibiro bingana na 15% by’ibiro byayo, bivuga ko ingagi ipima ibiro 200 irya ibiro 30 by’ibyatsi ku munsi.
Nyuma yo gufungura zifata umwanya urenga isaha ziruhukiye, iyo bwije zisasa aho zahisemo zikaryama. Mu buzima bwazo bwa buri munsi zibana mu miryango irimo inkuru z’ingabo zikunze kurangwa n’ibara ry’umweru mu mugongo iyo zikuze, ingore ndetse n’abana.
Imiryango iba ihagarirawe n’umutware wazo akenshi akaba ingabo, iba ishinzwe ahanini no kwita ku busugire bwazo n’aho zituye ariko ziri mu bwigenge busesuye kandi mu miryango igira imbibi mu byanya bitandukanye byo muri parike. Kuri ubu, imiryango 14 isurwa na ba mukerarugendo batarenga umunani ku munsi, bityo abazisura bakaba batarenga 112 ku munsi. Gusa iyo siyo miryango yonyine y’ingagi kuko uko zigenda ziyongera ni na nako zirema indi miryango nayo ikabanza gukurikiranwa n’abahanga mu gihe itegurwa kuzasurwa na ba mukerugendo.
Ku ikubitiro, umuryango wa Susa, uwa Sabyinyo na Groupe 13 izwi kuri ubu ku izina ry’Agashya niyo ya mbere yabanje gusurwa ubwo umushakashatsi Dian Fossey w’Umunyamerika wigaga ku myitwarire no kubungabunga ingagi ndetse no kuzimenyereza guhura na bamukerugendo niyo yatangiye gusurwa bwa mbere mu 1979.
Urugero rutomoye rugaragaza uko imiryango yaguka umuntu yarurebera ku wa Susa waje kuvamo indi miryango itatu ariyo Karisimbi, Igisha n’isimbi. N’indi miryango ni uko bigenda iyo ingagi zigenda ziyongera.
Ubu bumenyi bwose bwakusanyijwe mu nyandiko n’imibare by’abahanga bazikurikirana bakora muri Parike y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga hamwe n’abo bafatanya kuzibungabunga bikozwe na The Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund, Gorilla Doctors na International Gorilla Conservation Programme.
Mu rwego rwo kubungabungabunga ubuzima bwa Parike, abakozi bakora ako kazi by’umwihariko buri munsi 149 bacunga inyamanswa muri iryo shyamba riri mu butumburuke mu gihe abatanga ubufasha mu gihe ba mukerugendo basura Parike bagera kuri 27.
